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REASON

SQL Server databases are primarily backed by two categories of files – data files and log files. The data files contain all of the data related to the database, including tables, indexes, and object definitions, while the log files contain a log of all of the changes which have been made to that data. This separation of log and data files is critical to ensuring the recoverability of the data in the case of an unexpected server failure.

RESOLUTION

Under normal circumstances, the space in the log file is regularly reused, with space being made available for reuse through a process called log truncation. When log truncation cannot occur for some reason, the log file will attempt to grow if autogrow is enabled and the file has not reached its maximum size. When a log file becomes full and can no longer grow, attempts to modify or add data to the database will produce an error: the database will essentially become read-only.

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