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Selecting a predefined time frame from the toolbar displays transaction performance data for the selected time period up to the current time. See “Selecting a predefined time frame from the Precise for Oracle toolbar” on page 29.
Selecting the time frame using the calendar icon, you can choose to define a time range independent of the current time, or to define a time range up to the current time. See “Selecting a time frame using the calendar icon” on page 29.
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The time frame selected affects all information displayed in Precise for Oracle. Only data that falls within the selected time frame is shown in these areas.
Selecting a predefined time frame from the Precise for Oracle toolbar
To select a predefined time frame, in the Precise Menu area, select one of the predefined time frames.
Selecting a time frame using the calendar icon
To select a time frame
- Click the calendar icon. In the dialog box that is displayed perform one of the following:
- To define a time frame independent from the current time, select the ‘Time Frame’ option and select the Start and End dates and times.
- To define a time frame up to the current time, select the ‘Last’ option and enter the desired time frame.
- To use one of the three previously used time frames, select the ‘Recently used’ option and from the drop- down menu select the desired time frame.
- To use a previously saved time frame, select Use a previously saved time frame and from the drop-down menu select the desired time frame.
- To save your settings for future access, select Save these definitions for future use as: and enter a name in the corresponding field.
- Click OK.
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You can select the entity that you want to examine in more detail.
To select an entityOn , on the Main area of the tab, select the entity you want to examine.
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When you apply your selections in the Filter dialog box, the information displayed in both the Main area and the Association area is modified to reflect your selections. Also, the filtering continues to apply when you drill down to associated entities.
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You can enter multiple criteria, in which case each criterion is applied using the logical AND operator. |
To filter data
- Click Filter is Off/Filter is On.
- In the Filter dialog box, do the following for each entity you want to filter:
- From the left drop-down list, select an entity.
- From the middle drop-down list, select an operator, such as, Like, <>, Not Like, In, Not In.
- In the text box, type the criteria (case-sensitive) for the selected entity.
If you select the operator Like or Not Like, you can use the % wildcard character to represent 0 or more characters, and the _ wildcard character to represent exactly one character. If you select the operator In or Not In, type a comma to separate values.
- Click OK.
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You can associate the displayed entity with specific data to focus your analysis.Note:
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The criteria no longer apply when you drill down to another entity. |
To associate entities with data that meets specific criteria
- Click the arrow located to the left of the Association controls and select More...
- In the Associate With dialog box, on the Entries tab, select the entity you want to associate data with from the Populate table with list.
- In the Sort entries by list, determine according to which criteria you want the information to be sorted and in which order.
- From the Display top list, select the number of rows to display.
- On the Criteria tab, do the following for each entity you want to associate data with:
- From the left drop-down list, select an entity.
- From the middle drop-down list, select an operator, such as, Like, <>, Not Like, In, Not In.
- In the text box, type the criteria (case-sensitive) for the selected entity.
If you select the operator Like or Not Like, you can use the % wildcard character to represent 0 or more characters, and the _ wildcard character to represent exactly one character. If you select the operator In or Not In, type a comma to separate values.
- Click OK.
Editing the properties of a statement
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This function is only available in Table View. |
Any statement can be saved in the PMDB. You can change the name of a statement, place it in a different cabinet and folder, change the parsing user, and add a comment. But you cannot save a statement with the same combination of cabinet, folder, and name as an existing statement.
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- Click the email icon in the Precise Menu area. The default email program opens.
- Fill in the required fields and click Send.
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The Favorites feature allows you to save a specific location in your application and to retrieve the same location later without having to navigate to it.
About the Favorites feature
The new Favorites feature includes the following options:
- Relative Time Frame. Saving relative time frame instead of static date. For example, saving the last 7 days will always display the last 7 days, depending on the day entered.
- One click to specific location. Once you open Precise by launching a saved Favorite item, you will not have to enter a login credential nor click the login button.
- IE Favorites support. Adding a new Favorite item in Precise will also add it to the IE Favorites menu.
- Auto Complete. The Favorites dialog includes a new combo box which supports AutoComplete.
- Auto Naming. The Favorites dialog generates item names based on the current location.
UI description
A Favorites icon with a menu has been added to the Precise Menu area in each product.
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- In the Add/Delete Favorites dialog box, enter the name of the new Favorites entry.
- Click Add. The dialog box is closed and the new Favorite is added to the list.
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- On the Add/Delete Favorites dialog box, select the Favorite location to be deleted.
- Click Delete. The dialog box closes and the selected Favorite is deleted from the list.
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The favorite address is displayed in the Address field and cannot be edited. |
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- Click the Table icon on the upper right-hand side of a table and select Column Chooser.
- In the Table columns dialog box, click the arrows to move the names of the columns that you want to display to the Visible box and the ones that you do not want to display to the Invisible box.
- Click OK.
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To copy data displayed in the Association area to the clipboard, click the Table icon on the upper right-hand side of a table and select Copy to clipboard. The table can be pasted into Microsoft Excel or as an HTML file.
To copy a graph to the clipboard, right-click a graph and choose Copy to clipboard. You can now paste the image into any application that works with the clipboard.
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The Export to the Precise Custom Portal Portlet feature enables you to export the view of the chosen table or graph and generate a portlet with that view in the Precise Custom Portal, so that it will provide you with another way of monitoring your application.
Prerequisites
To be able to use this feature, you need to have the following rights in Precise:
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If you do not have sufficient rights, you will get an error message when trying to execute this feature.
Exporting the information
You can either export a table view or a graph view.
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The name field has the following restrictions: maximum 100 characters. |
To export a table view
- Click the Column Chooser icon.
- Select Export to the Precise Custom Portal Portlet.
- Insert a name in the name field that clearly describes the table view.
- Click OK.
To export a graph view
- Right-click the graph.
- Select Export to the Precise Custom Portal Portlet.
- Insert a name in the name field that clearly describes the graph view.
- Click OK.
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The Roles management feature in Precise for Oracle lets you assign roles to users and control whether they will be able to do the following operations:
- Bind. View bind sets.
- Run alternative. Run an alternative statement.
- Gen_Estimated_Plan. Determine whether viewing existing or real plans collected from Oracle will always be allowed.
- Gen_Massive_Plan. Explain unexplained statements in the Object tuner (depends on what is configured for Gen_Estimated_Plan).
- Whatif. Lets you simulate the effect of creating, modifying, or dropping a B*Tree or bitmap index, on the performance of all statements that Precise for Oracle has collected, without having to physically make the change (depends on what is configured for Gen_Estimated_Plan).
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You can configure permissions and roles in AdminPoint. For more information on configuring permissions and roles see the Precise Administration Guide.
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Precise for Oracle collects and displays performance data that enables quick and accurate performance monitoring and analysis. To understand the information displayed in the various graphs, tables, and views, it is important to understand how information is collected.
Precise for Oracle Collector sampling methods
The Precise for Oracle Collector is a non-Oracle process that can collect data from both the server's operating system and the Oracle instance. This is important because both the server's operating system and the Oracle instance contain data necessary for the solution of a performance problem, but neither is aware of the other's internal state.
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- It must be able to collect data from both the server’s operating system and the Oracle database system.
- It must be fully independent of the Oracle system that it monitors to provide a true picture of Oracle activity.
- It must be able to achieve high sampling rates.
Precise for Oracle meets all of these criteria.
Non-intrusive monitoring of the Oracle instance
Most monitors collect data on user activity and system status intrusively by issuing queries to the Oracle X$ and V$ dynamic performance views. These queries consume Oracle resources and tend to be neglected by Oracle when system load is heavy and collecting data on Oracle is most important.
Precise for Oracle's Collector gathers data non-intrusively by sampling data in the System Global Area (SGA) of the Oracle instance. This makes monitoring the Oracle instance independent of the Oracle system.
How Precise for Oracle monitors availability
The Precise for Oracle Collector monitors the Oracle instance. If the instance status (Available/Unavailable) has changed, a message code is sent by the Collector and causes the current availability of the instance saved in the PMDB to be changed. In addition, the availability of the instance is saved, over time, in the PMDB. During a planned downtime period, the instance availability is shown as it was available during this period.Note:
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If the Precise for Oracle Collector is down, the instance availability status reported is as Unknown. |
High sampling rates
The Collector can be configured to sample data using a high sampling rate. This enables the Collector to collect data on entities that are executed for only very short periods of time.
High resource consumption can be the result of an entity (such as a program or statement) with heavy resource demands running for an extended period of time (long duration, low frequency). It can also be the result of an entity with modest resource demands running often for a short period of time (short duration, high frequency). Identifying the latter entity as the cause of a performance problem can be difficult if the Oracle instance is sampled using a low sampling rate. If execution duration is short enough, complete executions of the problematic entity can take place between samples, and data on these executions will not be included in the overall picture of system performance.
Wait States
Fundamental to the operation of Precise for Oracle is the capturing of wait state information to identify resource consumption. The Precise for Oracle Collector, using its unique collection technology, samples every Oracle session and SQL statement, and at each sample point determines the Oracle wait event. It also correlates the session information with the corresponding operating system process information to capture additional wait states. In fact, it employs a two-Tier categorization: wait state and wait sub-state. It defines the status of sessions currently connected to Oracle by these states. By aggregating this wait state information over time, Precise for Oracle can give an accurate time-based, resource consumption profile for every statement, table, session, program, and so on, up to the instance level.
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Precise for Oracle displays the following resource consumption graphs:
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The Overall Activity resource consumption graphs give the total time that a session or a set of sessions is connected to Oracle. During that time, the session may be actively executing statements within Oracle, or it may be idle. Overall Activity can help answer the question: Is the application spending its time in Oracle or elsewhere?
Overall Activity is divided into the following states:
- Request Wait. The session is idle. The underlying Oracle wait state is typically an SQL*Net message from the client or pipe_get, and the client is performance-related and not Oracle-related activity.
- In Oracle (Sum.). The total time sessions spent actively executing statements and PL/SQL within Oracle. This is further broken down into In Oracle states in the In Oracle resource consumption graphs.
- Parallel Query Sync. The time that a parallel query coordinator and parallel query slave sessions spent waiting for other slaves to complete an operation. It is not shown as time spent actively executing In Oracle because the parallel query sessions are effectively idle during this time.
- Miscellaneous. The time not accounted for by one of the other states. It is usually due to session initialization or termination. For example, a dead session not yet cleaned up by Oracle PMON may have some time in this state.
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The In Oracle resource consumption graphs give a breakdown of how Oracle is spending its time executing statements and PL/SQL. The wait states with the longest duration indicate the bottlenecks within Oracle. Reducing the duration of these wait states will improve the response time or alternatively increase the throughput.
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Table 2-4 In Oracle states
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| State | Icon | In Oracle Sub-State | Description | Typical Oracle Events |
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| Using |
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| CPU |  | Using CPU | The session is using CPU |
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| executing SQL. |
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| N/A | |
| I/O |
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| Wait | Direct I/O |
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| Wait | The session is waiting on direct |
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| I/O. |
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| direct path read; direct path write | |
| I/O |
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| Wait |  |
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| Scattered I/O |
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| Wait | The session is waiting on scattered I/O. |
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| db file scattered read | |
| I/O |
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| Wait | Sequential I/O |
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| Wait | the session is waiting on sequential I/O. |
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| db file sequential read; |
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| control file sequential read |
| I/O |
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| Wait | | Other I/O |
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| Wait | the session is waiting on another type of I/O. |
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| db file parallel write; log file parallel write; control file parallel write; asynch disk I/O | |
| I/O |
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| Wait |
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| Application Lock |
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| Wait |  |
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| Row Lock Wait | the session is waiting on row locks. |
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| Enq: TX - row lock contention (Oracle 10g) | |
| Application Lock |
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| Wait | Table Lock |
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| Wait | The session is waiting on table locks. |
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| Enq: TM - contention (Oracle |
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Internal Lock Wait
Other Lock Wait The session is waiting on other Oracle locks, such as streams, latches, or internal locks. STREAMS events; enqueue; other enq: events; latch activity; latch free; latch: events
Sub-State Description Typical Oracle Events
Application Lock Wait Note: Enqueue may appear in Row Lock Wait and Table Lock Wait, depending on the values of the P1, P2, and P3 parameters. The Collector captures these parameters and assigns the wait state accordingly. This can be seen in the Current and Activity tabs. However, the Collect Instance Statistics PMDB process does not capture the parameters so that in the Statistics tab, the wait is always shown as Other Lock Wait.
Operating System
Waits
CPU Wait The session is on the operating system run queue waiting for CPU. N/A
Operating System
Waits Memory Wait The session is waiting on a memory operation, such as page-in or page-out. This sub-state may also include memory-mapped I/O. N/A
Operating System
Waits
Other Host Wait The session is waiting on another type of OS operation, such as sorting. N/A
RAC/OPS/Other Waits RAC/OPS Wait The session is waiting on RAC or
OPS synchronization. DFS events; DLM events; gc events; gcs events; ges events; global events;
RAC/OPS/Other Waits
Other Wait The session is waiting on another, less common lock event. N/A
Commit & Checkpoint
Waits Rollback Segment
Wait The session is waiting on a rollback segment operation. alter rbs offline; undo segment events
Commit & Checkpoint
Waits
Redo Log Buffer Wait The session is waiting on a redo log buffer operation. log buffer space; log file syn
Commit & Checkpoint
Waits Log Switch and Clear
Wait The session is waiting for a log switch and clear operation to occur. checkpoint events; log file switch events
Oracle Server Wait
Parallel Query Server
Wait The session is waiting for a parallel query server to become available. PX create server; PX server shutdown; parallel query; create server; parallel query; dequeue wait
Oracle Server Wait Parallel Query Sync. Wait The session is waiting for a parallel query server to get synchronized with another parallel query server. Other PX events; other parallel query events
Sub-State Description Typical Oracle Events
Oracle Server Wait
Resource Mgr Wait The session is waiting for a resource to become available (only if the database resource manager is enabled). resmgr events
Oracle Server Wait [ Multi-Threaded Server
Wait The session is waiting for a
multi-threaded server to become available. alter system set dispatcher; alter system set mts_dispatcher
Oracle Server Wait
Background Process
Wait The session is waiting for an Oracle background process, such as DBWR or LGWR. LGWR events
Client Request Wait Request wait Request wait is generally considered as an idle event as the Oracle server process is waiting for the client process. Client messages
Communication Wait
Oracle/Oracle
Communication Wait The session is waiting for another Oracle instance, usually as a result of a DBLINK event or a standby database. SQL*Net break/reset to DBLINK; SQL*Net message from DBLINK; SQL*Net message to DBLINK; SQL*Net more data from DBLINK; SQL*Net more
data to DBLINK
Communication Wait Oracle/Client
Communication Wait The session is waiting for data sent to the client, usually as a result of a selected statement, or for data sent from a client, usually as a result of bind variables. SQL*Net break/reset to client; SQL*Net message to client; SQL*Net more data from client; SQL*Net more data to client
Internal Lock Wait
Shared Pool Wait The session is waiting for a shared pool operation. library cache load lock; library cache lock; library cache pin
Internal Lock Wait Buffer Wait The session is waiting for a buffer cache operation. buffer busy; buffer busy wait;
buffer latch
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I/O Wait resource consumption graphs are shown for Oracle files, objects, and storage entities. They give a breakdown of the following I/O wait into:
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